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Location: The Republic of Yemen is located in the south of the Arabian Peninsula in the south-west of the continent of Asia. Bounded on the north by Saudi Arabia, on the south by the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Aden, on the east by the Sultanate of Oman, on the west by the Red Sea.
Official name: Republic of Yemen.
Sanaa city: the capital of the Republic of Yemen and contain the administrative division of the Republic of Yemen (20) governorates in addition to the capital secretariat.
National flag: Rectangular, currently two-thirds of its length. It consists of three equal rectangles along the dimensions of science, the top red, white color and the middle one, and the third black.
Red: And symbolizes the revolution.
White: And it symbolizes the principles of the revolution and purity.
Black: And it symbolizes the era of darkness and reactionary rule.
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National emblem: The emblem of the Republic of Yemen in the eagle symbolizes the power of the people and the breakthrough on the horizon of liberation, stretching his wings over the national flag, and an anchor on the base that read: Republic of Yemen
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Religion and Language: Islam the state religion, and Arabic is the official language.
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National currency: ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) riyal (Average Exchange rate (214.91) Real / USD for the month of December 2012 m)).
Local Time: +3 hours ahead of GMT all year round.
Electricity: 220 volts / 250 Hz.
Yemen International: country code +967
Republic of Yemen Ports:
By Air: (Sanaa International Airport - Aden International Airport - - Hodeidah International Airport Taiz International Airport - Mukalla Seoun Airport airport).
Overland: (instigated port - port spots - Alpin port - charging port - Sarfait port - the deposit port).
Sea (Port of Aden - Mokha port - Port of Hodeidah - Port Mukalla port active - Port Qishn Christot- Alillh- port of Bir Ali port - Port Hav- port fees - flies port - Port Nectarine - Salif port - Ras Isa port - Port Al Khubah - Port beard - MIDI port).
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The system of government in the Republic of Yemen: Republican, democratic, people owner of power and its source, exercised directly by referendum and general elections, as practiced indirectly through the legislative, executive and judicial bodies and through elected local councils and the political system in the Republic of Yemen is based on political and party pluralism, being power trading and participating in peacefully through the general election.
President of the Republic: President of the Republic of Yemen is the head of state, is elected directly by the people in competitive elections in which the number of candidates involved, and are required to win the President to obtain the majority of votes. And the presidential term of seven years from the date he was sworn may assume the post of President of the Republic by one person more than two terms.
The local authority: the local authority is a form of practice in governance in Yemen and realized this process  Through rules and constitutional and legal systems, which are based on the principle of administrative and financial decentralization and expand opportunities for participation in policy-making and the development of plans, programs and decision-making and community participation in decision-making relating to the conduct of their daily lives and develop their standard of living as well as the control and supervision of the conduct of the executive organs performance in various provinces and districts are divided Republic Yemeni administratively within the framework of the local authority system to (21) province, including the capital secretariat, divided governorates to: (333) Directorate, divided by (1996) isolation, as well as (40.793) village and (88.817) locality and (3600) Lane and 259. As the neighborhood has a number of cities, 225 cities, including 195 districts centers and 30 secondary City, and owns Yemen more than 216 island on both the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, as the number of local councils (349) Local Council and the number of local constituencies ( 5620) Local Service (polling station).
The population of the Republic of Yemen, according to the final results of the General Census of Population and Housing and Establishment of 2004 (19.685.161) people and the population of the Republic of Yemen to (23832569) people in 2011 estimates. The population is growing annually at a rate of 3% and represents a percentage of the male population (50.91%) of the total population. As a proportion of the female population (49.09%) of the total population.
The infant mortality rate (68.29) per thousand live in the 2010-2015m.
Crude death rate of 8.10 per thousand live in the 2010-2015m.
Crude birth rate of 35.90 births per thousand for the year 2010-2015m.
Average life expectancy at birth is 63 years for the period 2010-2015m.
The average number of persons per household 7.2, and the average number of people per dwelling 7.1 members.
Terrain:  Yemen is characterized by the diversity aspects of the surface and therefore has been divided into five major geographical regions are:
The territory of the coastal plain: and extends intermittently on the Yemeni coasts where mountains and hills cut that link directly to the sea water in more than one place so the coastal plain region of Yemen includes the following plains: (Tihama plain-easy built-Abyan - easy Mephaath Ahwar-easy the eastern coastal and falls within the skilled governorate).
It features a Coastal Plain region a hot climate throughout the year with little rainfalls ranging between 50-100 mm per year, but it is considered an important agricultural regions, especially Tihama Plain due to the large valleys that penetrate this region and floods pouring into them from the rain on the mountain heights.
The territory of the mountain heights: This region extends from the maximum Yemen borders in the north to the far south has this region been movements of tectonic resulted in major and minor depressions, some equivalent of the Red Sea and others are equivalent to the Gulf of Aden and resulted in the hills Popup confined including basins mountain called Qiena or fields.
The region is rich in surface valleys that Tkhadddha to relevant aspects of the blocks steep and continue firewall mountain overlooking the Tihama plain Bjrov steep foothills, is the mountains of this region the most points in the Arabian Peninsula, where more than average height in 2000, and ascend peaks of more than 3,500 m, and reach the highest peak in to 3666 m in Mount Prophet Shuaib.
It is the division of water in these mountains line where the water descends through a number of valleys to the east, west and south, and most important of these valleys: Valley Moore - Seham Zbad- Sham- and Wadi Rcan and this all in the Red Sea The valleys flowing into the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea Vohmha: Wadi Tuban and Wadi building and Wadi Hadramout.
Mountainous Basins Region: This region is mountainous basins and plains in the highlands, mostly located in the eastern section extending from the far north water division line to the far south, the most important: the bottom of Yarim crossing Dhamar and Sana'a Basin Imran Saada.
Region plateau areas: Located to the east and north of the territory of the mountain and parallel heights but can accommodate more towards the Empty Quarter and begins to decline gradually, and descended the surface toward the north and east steeper nice, most of the surface of this region is formed from rocky desert surface which some valleys pass, especially Wadi Hadhramaut and Wadi Harib.
The territory of the desert: a sandy region almost devoid of vegetation except rainwater sewer areas runs through after descending on the bordering province of mountainous areas, and altitude surface here between 500-1000 m above sea level, and descended without terrainous interruption towards the north-east to the heart of the Empty Quarter.
The climate here is severe with high temperature and scarce rainfall and low humidity.
Yemeni islands group: spread in the territorial waters of Yemen's many islands and its terrain, climate and environment. Most of these islands are located in the Red Sea of the most important: Kamaran Island, the largest uninhabited island in the Red Sea, and the islands of Hanish archipelago , and the island of Miyun, a strategic site in the Strait Bab al-Mandab South Gate of the Red Sea and the most important islands in the Arabian Sea: Archipelago of Socotra. Is the island of Socotra largest islands of the archipelago this, which includes in addition to the island of Socotra Islands tolerant and Bunting and Abdul Korean, characterized the island of Socotra in abundance bio-diversity with an estimated Socotra plants on land about 680 species.
Climate: Yemen overlooks the two seas: the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea, but Yemen climate did not benefit from marine properties often only in raising the degree of air humidity on the coast, where the impact of these two Bahrain in modified atmosphere Republic properties is very limited limited to moisture and modify some of the wind characteristics While their role in the case of non-limited air stability .otsagt rains in Yemen in two seasons: the first season during the spring (March-April), the second season in summer (July-August) is more rain of the spring season and vary the amount of rain falling on Yemen variation spatially extensive and above the amount of annual loss to be in the southwestern highlands as in the areas of Ibb - Taiz, Dali and Yarim where the amount of rainfall ranges here between 600-1500 mm per year and less than the amount of rainfall in the coastal western easy as it is in Hodeidah and Mokha in spite of exposure monsoon coming from the cross of the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean as a result of the lack of lift to the wet wind factor, but the average annual rainfall increases with height of 50 mm on the coast to about 1,000 mm on the slopes of the mountains of confrontation to the Red Sea and South West.
In the southern and eastern coasts of the country is no different from the western coasts of where the amount of rainfall, which amounts to about 50 mm per year, as in the Garden of Eden and Fayyoh and code and Al Rayyan This is due to several factors, including: that the direction of the humid wind movement going along the coast without penetrating into the interior; therefore, the impact would be very small and hence the rainfall is not of little economic importance.
In terms of temperatures, the eastern and western plains is characterized by high temperatures in summer, where up to 42 m, and landing in the winter to 25 m. And temperatures drop gradually toward higher elevations because of the height factor to reach the temperature to a maximum of 33 ° m and 20 m to a minimum. In the winter minimum temperature on the highlands reaches approximately zero degrees, was recorded in the winter 1986 low temperature in Dhamar to (- 12:00).
The humidity, it is high on the coastal plains up to more than 80%, while it goes down toward the inside so as to reach the lowest rate in the desert areas around where the humidity 15%.
Economic and political:
Pursued the Republic of Yemen political, economic, based on market mechanisms, and raise the level of contribution of the private sector in the economy, and to redefine the role of the state in economic activity so that the role of the state becomes a corrective and supervisory role, and work to establish the rule of law and institution building, and remove obstacles facing the private sector, and insurance economic stability and encourage the private sector to assume a leading role in development and economic growth process, and through a set of financial policies, monetary and administrative measures and actions to strengthen the market mechanism and encourage free trade, as the country worked to reconsider the tax and customs, investment and judicial legislation with a view to the overall investment climate improvement, in addition to the implementation of the privatization program designed to expand the areas of economic activities and attract national and foreign capital.
Index
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2004
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2005
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2006
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2007
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2008
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2009
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2010
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2011
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2012
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2013
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Gross domestic product
(Billion riyals)
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2885.5
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3646.5
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4495.1
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5099.9
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6072.2
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5772.9
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6786.8
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6644.6
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6875.2
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7459.6
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Total final consumption (billion riyals)
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2171
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2509
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3358
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4036
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4837
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5108
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5786
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5545.6
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6472.5
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7373.7
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Domestic savings (billion riyals)
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714
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1,136
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1,136
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1,063
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1,234
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664.7
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1000.4
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1098.9
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402.7
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85.9
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Total investment (billion riyals)
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690
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974
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1,121
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1,378
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1,534
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1239.2
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1299.8
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1168.2
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1326.8
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834.5
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National Income (billion riyals)
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2,707
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3398
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4252
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4,792
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5719
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5483.8
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6457.1
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6340.1
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7389.1
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7546.3
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Average per capita GDP (US $)
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729
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863
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1,036
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1,131
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1,288
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1,197
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1238
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1187
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1231
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1285
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Average per capita gross national product (SR)
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134.623
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165 212
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204.085
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224.980
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257.288
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242 894
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271 822
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253 691
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263 952
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276 117
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Is seen to Yemen as a promising country economic and natural resources important, where many of the wealth and riches that have not exploited economically yet available, especially in the field of various mineral resources (oil, gas and minerals) in addition to the fish, arrived GDP rate at current prices up (8.5%) (3.2%) at constant prices in 2013, as the average per capita GDP to nearly (1285) to $ 2.13 in the year AD.
The cultivated area in the Republic of Yemen, representing 90% of the total arable area, the agriculture sector contributes by between (5% -10%) of the value of GDP. The agricultural sector is the most accommodating of the economic sectors where labor absorbs about 54% of the total workforce and a source of income for more than 70% of the population.
The oil sector is one of the fundamental productive sectors, and concentrated exploitation of oil resources in a number of governorates, including: provinces (Marib-Shabwa-Hadramout) and contributes to the sector by between (30% -40%) of the value of gross domestic product and contributes more than 70% of the state budget revenues and represents more than 90% of the value of Yemeni exports.
The fisheries sector is one of the sectors important in the Yemeni economy Yemen fact that owns coastline with a length of more than 2000 km stretches across the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean also littered the islands and bays, creating for the existence of a favorable environment for fish and marine life of more than 350 species and this is what strengthens the importance of this promising sector in the future as a major source of food and an important resource for development and support, and one of the main sources of employment of the national economy.
Industry is one of the main components of the national economy and contribute to a rate ranging between (10-15%) with the exception of the oil industry, and in terms of the contribution of these industries in the GDP food industries are ranked first and then construction industries, including: cement, then tobacco products and metals that with the exception of industries oil, reflecting the weakness of the productive base and lack of diversity.
Mawla has singled out the Almighty Yemen terrain variety paint to Zairha comprehensive panel and stunning and map natural comprehensive, combining the plains and mountains towering and Bottoms and fertile valleys, hills and plateaus, beaches and desert, and the climate of a diverse coastal and desert and mountain, That reflected this diversity in the land and climate in cultural diversity included people social habits and the People's fashions and heritage them, in addition to the diversity of the archaeological inventory each region resulting from the long history and the history of civilization in the depths of the extended time; giving Yemen a unique and peculiar because of its for many countries. And tourism in Yemen of the most promising sectors, Yemen is the cradle of civilization and has the ingredients tourist variety is subject of history, archeology, cultural heritage, natural ingredients making it the tourist country distinct, and which attested to the diversity of architecture that makes it offers great models for the Arts architecture is unrivaled in the world, and possession of coastline is varied and the other places for recreation and scuba diving in very extravaganza where this beach extends to Bahrain: Arab Red and Yemen also possesses islands and archipelagos viable enjoy the charming nature.
The data available for the tourism sector to the existence of expansion in tourist facilities, where the year-end total number of hotels, 2010 (1479) hotel represents hotels one star Vmadun more than (81.2%) of the total hotels and the average tourist nights during the year 2013 to (8) nights The average tourist expenditure per night to 145 dollars on average.
Foreign Trade:
Varies trade to Yemen with the outside world annually depending on the variables that occur each year on both exports and imports and the overall value of Yemeni exports have risen from 753 billion riyals in 2004 to 1565 billion riyals in the year 2013 and form the oil exports of more than 70% of the Total exports of Yemen followed by fish and agricultural crops. In contrast, the value of Yemeni imports of 736 billion Yemeni riyals rose in 2004 to 2888 billion riyals in the year 2013 and come and diesel imports at the forefront of imports, followed by wheat and then diesel and gasoline in the first place in the list of Yemeni imports. Among the biggest exporters of the Republic of Yemen:(Saudi Arabia Emirates Switzerland Netherlands China KUWAIT India USA), and the most important importing countries from the Republic of Yemen (South Korea, China, Thailand, India - Bahrain) By statistics 2013.
In terms of the most important of all exported goods: oil crops fish comes, either in terms of imported goods, the most important of which are: Diesel Oil, gasoline and wheat transportation.
A table showing exports and imports and trade balance
Years
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2004
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2005
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2006
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2007
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2008
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2009
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2010
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2011
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2012
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2013
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Statement
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Exports (billion riyals)
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753
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1074
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1316
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1256
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1519
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1270
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1457
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1524
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1515
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1565
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The proportion of GDP
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26.1
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29.5
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29.3
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24.6
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25.0
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22.3
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21.30
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22.70
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21.52
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20.99
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Total imports (billion riyals)
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736
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1029
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11961
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1693
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2087
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1861
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2095
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2037
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2421
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2888
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The proportion of GDP
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25.5
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28.3
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26.6
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33.2
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34.4
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32.6
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30.61
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30.34
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34.41
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38.72
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Trade balance (billion riyals)
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17
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44
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119
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-437
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-568
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-591
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637.
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514.
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907.
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1322-
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Financial and banking activity:
The Yemeni government has adopted fiscal and monetary policies to curb inflation and reduce the overhead of the state and the removal of subsidies on basic commodities to provide this support for the benefit of the general budget and the financing of investment projects also adopted a monetary policy was the unification of the exchange rate and floated the aim of achieving relative stability of the riyal against other currencies also took the Central Bank Many of the procedures and the most important of which edit dealing in foreign exchange and the issuance of treasury bills, which is considered one of the main tools to soak up liquidity and reduce the money supply, inflation and one of the main ways the growth rate to finance the deficit in the state budget of the Central Bank of Yemen and assume monetary policy management to meet the national economy requirements and has the autonomy full in the exercise of his functions, control and supervision of the banking system in accordance with the Law of the Central Bank of Yemen , and reflect the financial and monetary indicators size of the development witnessed by this sector, where increased public revenues to the state of 599 billion riyals in 2000 to 2146 billion riyals in the year 2013. As for public expenditure of the state it has grown from 502 billion riyals in 2000 to 2804 billion riyals in the year 2013 represents the current expenditures of more than (75-80)% of the total public expenditure, while representing the capital and investment expenditure ratio ranging between (13-15)% of the total public expenditure.
As for the banking activity of commercial banks and their branches has increased so that the number of banks reached (20) banks, including the Central Bank of Yemen banks Bank, including 12 commercial banks, (7) Islamic banks, and spread its branches in various provinces where the number of branches of these banks (278) branches with the end of 2011, with respect to the size of the banking activity has grown cash offer size of 917.2 billion riyals in the year 2000 to 3102 billion riyals in the year 2012, as the growth of deposits in local currency rate stood at 56%, while the growth rate of deposits in foreign currency amounted to 44% of the total deposits in 2013.
The most important fiscal and monetary indicators (in billion riyals):
Statement
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2004
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2005
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2006
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2007
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2008
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2009 *
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2010 *
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2011 *
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2012 *
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2013 *
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General revenues of the state
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828
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1145
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1484
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1460
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2027
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1341
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1844
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1761
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2490
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2146
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The overhead of state
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881
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1184
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1420
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1754
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2248
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1847
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2115
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2097
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2814
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2804
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* Actual initial
The most important monetary indicators (in billion riyals):
Statement
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2004
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2005
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2006
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2007
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2008
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2009
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2010
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2011
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2012
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2013
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Cash in circulation
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298
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330
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413
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426
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472
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532
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547
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777
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803
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785
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Demand deposits
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92.6
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111
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146
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188
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208
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226
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239
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215
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301
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332
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Deposits in local currency
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239.5
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251.5
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401
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521
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662
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687
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703
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672
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915
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1117
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Foreign currency deposits
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287.2
|
355
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454
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516
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535
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630
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778
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602
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737
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868
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Money supply
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917.2
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1049
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1351
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1586
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1877
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2075
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2267
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2267
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2756
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3102
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The structure of the banking system in 31/12/2011 AD
Bank name
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Date of Establishment
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The main center
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Paid-up capital (in millions Riyal)
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Capital ownership
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Number of branches
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The
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Ratio
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Central Bank of Yemen
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1971
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Sana'a
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6000
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Year
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100%
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22
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Yemeni Bank for Reconstruction and Development
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1962
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Sana'a
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9500
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Specifically, in
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49% special 0.51% in
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41
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National Bank of Yemen
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1969
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Aden
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9000
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Year
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100%
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29
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Yemen Commercial Bank
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1993
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Sana'a
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6927
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Specifically, in
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90% special 0.10% in
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14
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Yemen Gulf Bank
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2001
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Sana'a
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1250
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Special, general, foreign
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77% 0.22% 0.1%
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2
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International Bank of Yemen
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1979
|
Sana'a
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2400
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Private, foreign
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79.6%, 20.4%
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11
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Arab Bank
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1972
|
Sana'a
|
6000
|
Foreign
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100%
|
10
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Calyon Finance and Investment Bank
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1975
|
Sana'a
|
6000
|
Foreign
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100%
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5
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United Bank
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1972
|
Sana'a
|
6016
|
Foreign
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100%
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3
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Rafidain Bank
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1982
|
Sana'a
|
6268
|
Foreign
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100%
|
1
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Islamic Solidarity Bank
|
1996
|
Sana'a
|
20000
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Private, foreign
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Private 96.7%, 3.3% in
|
22
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Islamic Bank for Finance
|
1995
|
Sana'a
|
3780
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Private, foreign, general
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73.5% particular, 22.0% foreign, of 4.5%
|
5
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Saba Islamic Bank
|
1997
|
Sana'a
|
7473
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Private, foreign
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Special 85% 0.15% foreign
|
14
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Credit Bank for Housing
|
1977
|
Sana'a
|
200
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Specifically, in
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Special 3% 0.97% a year
|
2
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Agricultural Cooperative Credit Bank
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1982
|
Sana'a
|
9000
|
Specifically, in
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1% special 0.99% in
|
47
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Yemen and Kuwait Bank
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1979
|
Sana'a
|
6000
|
Special
|
100%
|
10
|
Comprehensive Yemen and Bahrain Bank
|
2002
|
Sana'a
|
6000
|
Private, foreign
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57% special 0.43% foreign
|
10
|
Amal Microfinance Bank
|
2010
|
Sana'a
|
1533
|
Government, Khas'ojunba
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Government 45%, particularly 20%, 35% foreign
|
6
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National Bank of Qatar
|
2007
|
Sana'a
|
6000
|
Foreign
|
100%
|
1
|
Creme Bank Microfinance Islamic
|
2010
|
Sana'a
|
1000
|
Special
|
100%
|
4
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Transport : The transport sector branches and its different activities an important component of the infrastructure of the national economy and the mainstay of comprehensive economic and social development components, network is roads represent the lifeblood of development and the basis of its growth, has paid the Yemeni political leadership of the transportation sector considerable attention by linking Yemeni lands a network of local transport and international, where he arrived along the asphalt road network (16704.2) until the year 2011 and amounted to asphalt roads growth rate (35.2%) between (2005-2011).
 With regard to maritime transport, the State has sought to develop and expand the Yemeni ports ability even Yemen has a number of international ports including: the port of Aden Hodeidah port-port of Mukalla port active, and with respect to the components of air transport has been the introduction of many domestic airports and the development of a number of airports to become international airports where the number of international airports (6) Airports, namely: (Sana'a Mtaraadn- Airport Airport Airport Taz- Alhdidh- bad Riyan- Airport airport), this sector contributes to the GDP by between (10-13)% annually .
Investment:
Yemeni economy virgin is in many fields; therefore Yemen skip the first stage in the economic and social development process and this imposes significant burdens especially with regard to the establishment of infrastructure, production and service sectors requirements together, has been during the last period many of the investments directed towards infrastructure. However, the investment in the Republic of Yemen is facing many of the fundamental problems, including: funding process due to lack of Yemen resources, but in accordance with the policy of the Yemen seeks to encourage and attract local and foreign investment to participate in the development process depends on the legal system is characterized by a wide range of investment advantages and incentives encouraging for investors .
Free Zone: Free Zone represent Yemen Gate and economic point of confluence of the continents of Asia and Africa  has been the announcement of the city of Aden as a free zone in the year 1991 and issued the Law on free zones in 1993 m . and is gaining Free Zone strategic importance of the private port of Aden geographical location advantage of being located directly on the main trade route around the world and the Middle East to Europe and America and it is characterized by the possibility of providing transit services to East Africa and the Red Sea and the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Gulf. The storage area and distribution suitable for Africa, the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. The occasion for Africa and the Red Sea and the Gulf, storage and distribution area.
Turn Yemen to give education a priority in the context of economic and social development process of the fact that education is the basis of development and advancement of any society of societies and notes that through expansion in various areas of public education, technical and vocational and university education, education, showing education indicators for the year 2011 over the development witnessed this important sector through increased the number of educational facilities and increase the number of enrolled in general education, technical and vocational and higher education as well as the number of schools in basic education to (12 377) 11 903 schools, including public schools and 474 private schools. The number enrolled in basic education government (4438685) students representing the proportion of males (56.9%), while the proportion of females (43.1%), and the number of enrolled students reached in the private basic education (217.705) students representing the proportion of males (64.2%), while the proportion of females (35.8%). As the number of common schools (basic + secondary) public and private (11789) School.
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Sources :
Central Bank of Yemen reports.
Education indicators in the Republic of Yemen-the Supreme Council for Planning Education.
Statistical Yearbook of the Central Device. Ahsae.oaadad different.
Yemen and Hakaiq- National Information Center numbers.
The Republic of Yemen 15 years of construction and development 1990 -2005 m-Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation.
Public financial newsletter - the Ministry of Finance.
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